International Instruments

Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Russian): Signed 10 December 2000 with declarations. Ratified 26 May 2004. Entered into force 23 September 2003. The Optional Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime was signed and ratified on the same dates.  It entered into force on 25 December 2003. The Optional Protocol against the Smuggling of Migrants by Land, Sea and Air, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime was signed and ratified on the same dates, but has not yet entered into force.

Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention (No. 182) (pdf): Ratified 25 March 2003.  Entered into force 19 November 2000.

Abolition of Forced Labor Convention (No. 105): Ratified 2 July 1998. Entered into force 17 January 1959.

The Convention relating to the Status of Refugees: Succeeded to 2 February 1993 with a declaration under section B or Article 1.

Convention on the Rights of the Child: Succeeded to on 16 August 1990 with no reservations or declarations. Entered into force on 15 September 1990. The Russian Federation signed the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict on 15 February 2001, but no further action has been taken. No action has been taken on the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography.

Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment: Succeeded to 3 March 1987 with a reservation to Article 20. Entered into force 26 June 1987. No action has been taken on the Optional Protocol. 

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women: Succeeded to on 23 January 1981 with no reservations or declarations. Entered into force on 3 September 1981. The Optional Protocol was signed on 8 May 2001. No further action has been taken.

International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights: Succeeded to on 16 October 1973 with a declaration about paragraph Article 26. Entered into force on 3 January 1976.

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Succeeded to on 16 October1973 with declarations on Article 26 and 48. Entered into force on 23 March 1976. Optional Protocol: succeeded to on 1 October 1991 with a declaration on Article 1. Entered into force on 1 January 1992. No action has been taken on the Second Optional Protocol.

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination: Succeeded to on 4 February 1969 with a reservation about Article 17. Entered into force on 6 March 1969.

Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery: Signed on 7 September 1956. Ratified on 12 April 1957. Entered into force 30 April 1957.

Forced Labor Convention (No. 29): Ratified 23 June 1956. Adopted 28 June 1930.

Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others (pdf): Acceded to on 11 August 1954 with declaration. Entered into force 25 July 1951.

Regional Instruments

Council of Europe Convention on the Protection of Children against Sexual Exploitation and Sexual Abuse (No. 201): Opened for signature 25 October 2007.  No action.  

Council of Europe Conventionon Action against Trafficking in Human Beings (No. 197): Opened for signature May 16, 2005.  No action.

European Social Charter (revised) (No. 163): Signed only on 14 September 2000.

European Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities (No. 157): Ratified on 21 August 1998.

European Convention for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (No. 126): Ratified on 5 May 1998. Protocol No.1 to the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture: Ratified on 5 May 1998. Protocol No.2 to the European Convention for the Prevention of Torture: Ratified on 5 May 1998.

European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (No. 5): Ratified on 5 May 1998. Protocols 1-5 and 7-11 were ratified on 5 May 1998. Protocol 12 was signed on 4 November 2000. No action has been taken on Protocols 13 and 14.

Statute of the Council of Europe (No. 1): Russia became a member of the Council of Europe on 28 February 1996. Entered into force 3 August 1949.